Human Physiology

What Will You Learn?

• As a NEET aspirant, studying Human Physiology, you will learn about the various systems and processes that occur within the human body, including digestion and absorption, breathing and respiration, body fluids and circulation, excretory products and their elimination, locomotion and movement, neural control and coordination, and chemical coordination and regulation.
• One of the topics you will study is digestion and absorption, which covers the structure and function of the alimentary canal, digestive glands, enzymes involved in digestion, gastrointestinal hormones, peristalsis, and the digestion, absorption, and assimilation of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. You will also learn about nutritional and digestive disorders such as Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM), indigestion, constipation, vomiting, jaundice, and diarrhoea.
• Another topic covered in Human Physiology is breathing and respiration, which includes the respiratory organs in animals and humans, the mechanism of breathing and its regulation, exchange and transport of gases in the blood, respiratory volumes and their measurement, and respiratory disorders such as Asthma, Emphysema, and Occupational respiratory disorders.
• You will also study the composition of blood and blood groups, coagulation of blood, composition and function of lymph, structure of the human heart and blood vessels, cardiac cycle, cardiac output, and Electrocardiography (ECG). Additionally, you will learn about double circulation in humans, regulation of cardiac activity, and disorders of the circulatory system such as Hypertension, Coronary artery disease, Angina pectoris, and Heart failure.
• The study of Human Physiology also covers modes of excretion such as Ammonotelism, ureotelism, and uricotelism, the structure and function of kidneys, urine formation and osmoregulation, regulation of kidney function, and the role of other organs in excretion. You will also learn about disorders of the excretory system such as Uraemia, Renal failure, Renal calculi, and Nephritis, as well as Dialysis and artificial kidney.
• In addition, you will study types of movement such as ciliary, flagella, and muscular, the structure and function of skeletal muscles, contractile proteins and muscle contraction, the skeletal system and its functions, and joints and their types. Disorders of muscular and skeletal system such as Myasthenia Gravis, Tetany, Muscular dystrophy, Arthritis, Osteoporosis, and Gout will also be covered.
• The study of Human Physiology also includes neuron and nerves structure and function, the nervous system in humans including the Central nervous system, Peripheral nervous system, and Visceral nervous system, generation and conduction of nerve impulse, reflex action and its types, and the structure and function of the eye and ear.
• Finally, you will learn about endocrine glands and hormones, the human endocrine system including the Hypothalamus, Pituitary gland, Pineal gland, Thyroid gland, Parathyroid glands, Adrenal glands, Pancreas, and Gonads, the mechanism of hormone action, and the role of hormones as messengers and regulators in the body. Hypo-and hyperactivity and related disorders of the endocrine system such as Dwarfism, Acromegaly, Cretinism, goiter, exophthalmic goiter, diabetes, and Addison’s disease will also be covered.